Microplastic concentration in freshwater systems is increasing. Little is known about the effects of these particles on complex ecological systems, and on humans. To understand these effects, the characterization and identification of microplastic particles is necessary. Sampling, separation, and analytical methods were implemented to isolate particles and to determine polymer type. Sampling and separation methods were adapted from existing marine systems and freshwater systems sample collection methodology. Identification of polymer type was achieved through Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and density measurement. Samples were classified according to their physical parameters, such as size, colour, shape, and density. Principal Component Analysis was used to group similar samples and to predict sample polymer type. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride debris samples were identified using these methods. This information will be used to produce freshwater microplastic samples in vitro. Well-characterized starting polymers will be subjected to weathering and ageing tests to simulate the behaviour of microplastics in the environment. These tests will be used to validate the separation, isolation, and analysis techniques used on field samples. Microplastics produced in vitro may be helpful in the investigation and characterization of microplastics behaviour, toxicity, and environmental fate.