Continuous and robust filler network is very critical in improving thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive yet electrically insulating composite. Regrettably, such network is commonly constructed by large amount of thermally conductive while electrically insulating fillers with sacrificing thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the final composite. In current work, three novel processing techniques were adopted to address this issue and further improve the thermally conductive property. we first use a simple, consecutive, and environmentally friendly melt extrusion with powerful shear flow field to fabricate high efficiency in-plane thermally conductive and electrically insulating pathways, we formed a highly oriented and uniformly dispersed 1-D or 2-D anisotropic carbon based fillers close-packed with another kind of uniformly dispersed thermally conductive and electrically insulating fillers network[1, 2]. Further we construct peculiar multilayer structure through a simple, one-step melt extrusion method which alternating high efficiency in-plane thermally, electrically conductive layers and thermally conductive, electrically insulating layers can endow the composite with excellent comprehensive properties effectively [3, 4]. In addition, in order to achieve a high efficiency through-plane thermally conductive and in-plane electrically insulating pathways, a concentric alternating rings structure was construct with a cold extrusion method. These simple and effective methods endow the composites with excellent thermal conductivity, high electrical resistivity and great mechanical properties simultaneously and shed light on the design and fabrication of high-performance materials for the applications of thermal management or other energy harvesting fields.