Nanofillers are widely used in polymeric matrixes to improve different properties of the host polymer. Developing nanocomposites with targeted properties for specific applications requires consideration of filler properties, percolation threshold, processing conditions, and cost. Here we present a roadmap for the design of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/carbon filler nanocomposites for a variety of applications by consideration of filler geometry. TPU as one of the highly demanding engineering thermoplastic elastomers is chosen as the polymeric matrix in this study and nanocomposites are prepared via in-situ bulk polymerization. 1D and 3D fillers like carbon nanotubes (CNT) and branched carbon nanostructures (CNS), are considered the filler of choice for mechanical reinforcement through creating strong nanofiller networks. The nanofiller geometrical differences can affect the network strength and consequently the nanocomposite mechanical properties. Moreover, filler geometry (1D vs 3D) will dictate the percolation threshold for network formation. 2D fillers like graphene and graphite are the filler of choice to improve TPU surface and tribological properties. Improving the composite surface properties usually require higher amounts of nanofiller. 2 D fillers forming a loose network and not affecting significantly system viscosity can provide a solution. Often, adding a filler to enhance certain properties can bring about deterioration of others. Hybrid filler systems can offer a design approach to minimize overall filler loading while achieving a combination of desired properties. As an example, a mixture of 1D and 2D or 2D and 3D nanofillers can ensure improved tribological properties while maintaining or improving system mechanical performance.