We examined the efficacy of lidocaine/ketorolac loaded biodegradable nanofibrous membranes for pain relief in the Nuss procedure. Poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide, lidocaine, and ketorolac were first mixed in hexafluoropropanol. The solution was then electrospun into a nanofibrous membrane. The in vitro release behaviors of the membranes were assessed using the elution method and high-performance chromatography. Metallic Nuss bars incorporated with and without the analgesic-eluting nanofibrous membrane were implanted underneath the sternums of New Zealand white rabbits. The in vivo curves were also explored. The in vitro results suggested that the biodegradable nanofibers eluted high concentrations of lidocaine and ketorolac for ten days. The in vivo animal study also proved high local and systemic concentrations of lidocaine and ketorolac. The serum creatinine level remained affected. Rabbits implanted with the analgesic-eluting nanofiber-incorporated metallic steel bar showed significantly greater food and water ingestion and physical activity than the control group did, demonstrating effective pain relief.