The continuous technological evolution that is moving toward the manufacture of smaller and more efficient devices allied with the growing environmental awareness concerning plastic materials has challenging researchers to develop new materials that could fulfill both premises. Optic/electronic materials are in constant evolution and are an example of a demanding field of research that could be found in most of now-a-day applications, from LEDs in cars and in housing light, batteries and antistatics, among others. The final optical and/or electronic properties are provided by the introduction of functional materials, such as carbon nanotubes and porphyrins. Therefore, in this work composites of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and cellulose acetate (CA), which is a biodegradable polymer, were developed in order to achieve the desired electrical conductivity through melt mixing processing, since CNTs are known as excellent fillers with amazing conductive properties. Also, porphyrins, which are conjugated macromolecules recognized not only by its optical but also by the possibility of having electrical properties were incorporated with the polymer and nanofibers were obtained through electrospinning. The results revealed that CNTs nanocomposites achieved the desired electric conductivity when 0.5 wt% of non-functionalized CNTs were melt mixing with CA. Metallation of porphyrins with a transition metal (iridium) affected severely of the final properties of the nanofibers, which exhibited distinct characteristics. CA fibers with the porphyrin showed fluorescence and high intensity emission, but they did not exhibit electrical properties. Whereas, the nanofibers prepared with the metallated porphyrin showed a lower emissivity but revealed the establishment of conductive paths.