pps proceeding - Abstract Preview
pps proceeding
Symposium: S08 - Polymer blends
Oral Presentation
 
 

Properties of blends based on Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate and Ethylene 1-Octene Copolymers and investigation of their crosslinking behaviour

Ehrich Christian (1)*, Ramezani Farzad (1), Klehm Jessica (1), Schulze Stefan H. (1)

(1) Fraunhofer IMWS - Sachsen Anhalt - Germany

In spite of its commercial importance as encapsulant film for solar cells, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) shows some drawbacks. One of the most discussed is its susceptibility to the potential induced degradation (PID) effect which causes a solar module’s power output capacity to degrade. As a solution, a polyolefin having low polarity and high volume resistivity can be blended with EVA to improve encapsulant performance. However, the requirements in regard to the mechanical and aging properties of materials applied as solar cell encapsulants make cross linking of the blended materials an utmost necessity. An Ethylene 1-Octene (EO) copolymer was blended with EVA in varying proportions. The EO and EVA (33% VA) were characterized through a high comonomer content and thus low crystallinity and density. Furthermore, a peroxidic cross linking agent was added to the blends in varying quantities and the cross linking reaction as well as the resulting mechanical, thermal and optical properties of films were studied. Emphasis was placed on extrusion at lower temperatures then described before to allow for blending and additivation with cross linking agent in one step. Techniques used for characterization included differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Morphology was investigated by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Optical spectroscopy was applied to investigate transparency and scattering. It could be shown that blending at a low extrusion temperature of 100°C resulted in blend morphologies comparable to those of EVA-EO blends extruded at significantly higher temperatures reported earlier as viable blending conditions. Peroxidic crosslinking of the blends led to high gel contents, improved viscoelastic properties and improved morphology while crosslinking intensity was reduced with increasing EO content. Optical transmission improved with increasing EVA content and was shown to be stabilized against physical aging through the crosslinking process.