Rubber material is mainly reinforced with nanoparticles to achieve high quality application. The description of complex multi-level, multi-scale and multi-impact network structure is gradually clear till now. However, there are some doubts and arguments beyond the description. Two core problems are the motion state of molecular chains in the interface and the origin of physical network. The certain response between nanoreinforcement, nonlinear viscoelastic, static and dynamic mechanical property and this complex structure is another big issue. By molecular dynamic simulation and its combination with experiments, some new results have been obtained, especially in double network and intrinsic nature of Payne effect, which are illustrated in this report. For the large scale application, how to develop the low cost, green and facile methods to fabricate the nanofiller/elastomer nanocomposites and hybrids is important and challenging. Traditional solid mixing technology presents the disadvantages of energy-consumed and non-uniform dispersion state. Considering the fact that many elastomeric polymers have their latex form or solution type coming from natural resource or their industrial process of emulsion/solution polymerization, people always dream carrying out a liquid or wet mixing technology to prepare nanocomoposites with low energy, good dispersion and controllable interfacial tailoring. In this report, based on nearly 20 years research of authors in liquid nanocompounding, the design and preparation of carbon black/elastomer nanocomposite, silica/elastomer nanocomposite, clay/elastomer nanocomposite, carbon nanotube/elastomer nanocomposite and graphene oxide /elastomer nanocomposites are demonstrated. The micro-structure, overall performance and advantages of nanocomposites by liquid nanocompounding technology are summarized and commented. Several industrial examples are introduced. Some important enlightenments are also presented. Key words: Elastomer, Nancomposites, Latex, Solution, Mixing, Industralization References: [1] Jianxiang Shen, Jun Liu, Yangyang Gao, Xiaolin Li, Liqun Zhang; Soft matter; 2014, 10, 5099-5113. [2] Zhenghai Tang, Xiaohui Wu, BaochunGuo, Liqun Zhang, DeminJia; J Mater Chem, 2012, 22, 7492-7501. [3] Jun Liu, Yong-Lai Lu, Ming Tian, Fen Li, Jianxiang Shen, yangyang Gao, Liqun Zhang, Advanced Functional Materials, 2013, 23, 1156-1163. [4] Chao Zha, Wencai Wang, Yonglai Lu, Liqun Zhang, ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 2014, DOI: 10.1021/am504426j. [5] Yingyan Mao,Shipeng Wen, Yulong Chen,Fazhong Zhang,Pierre Panine, Tung W. Chan, Liqun Zhang,Yongri Liang, Li Liu. Scientific Reports, 2013, 3, 2508