Polyolefins constitute the main fraction of synthetic polymers. By tailoring the molecular characteristics it is feasible to change the physical and mechanical properties of the synthesised polymers. For example, by varying the chain length of a simple linear polyethylene it is possible to make use of the same class of polymer as either a commodity or an engineering plastic, where the latter is used for demanding applications such as: security (body armour or vehicle protection due to its light weight and high tensile strength to break); healthcare (prostheses due to its biocompatibility); energy (in the form of biaxial drawn films and composites) and water filtration (membranes by changing the functionalities). Although desirable physical properties such as abrasion resistance and high impact strength increase with the increasing molar mass, the processing of these materials via conventional routes becomes very challenging. To circumvent the difficulties in the processability of the Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylenes (UHMWPE) for the production of high modulus and high strength fibers, a solution based spinning route is adopted. In this 5wt% of the polymer is dissolved in 95wt% of a solvent making the process highly environmental unfriendly. In this presentation we will show that by adopting chain-of-knowledge approach, combining chemistry, physics, rheology and processing a new class of polyethylenes, “disentangled polyethylenes”, can be made. These polyethylenes can be processed in solid state, without making use of solvent(s), to obtain high modulus high strength fibers, tapes and films. The latter is applicable for various applications related to membranes. References: 1. Nature Material 2005, 4, 635 2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 96, 218303 3. Macromolecules 2008, 41, 2514 4. Patent US2006142521(A1), 2006 5. Patent EP2014445(A1), 2009 6. Macromolecules 2011, 44 (14), pp 5558–5568