Ammonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) were used as compatibilizers of polypropylene/polyamide 6 blends (80/20 w/w) using a standard extrusion process. Selected ionic liquids containing the same chloride-based anion but differing by the polarity of their cations were introduced at various concentrations in the blend. The cations selected (dioctadecyl dimethyl or octadecyl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl ammonium) have a special affinity with PP or PA6 phase respectively. The effect induced by the presence of ionic liquids on the morphology, cristallization behaviour, thermal and rheological properties of blends is highlighted. It shows that the addition of only 0.6 wt% of ionic liquids induces a significant decrease of the size of the dispersed polymer phase (PA6 droplets) from 13 µm for the virgin binary PP/PA6 blends to less than 3 µm for PP/PA6/ILs ternary blends. It is also revealed that the final properties of the blends depend strongly on the polarity and concentration of ionic liquids. When the cation is more hydrophobic, the compatibilization effect is more efficient as revealed by SEM microanalysis. The thermal stability of PP/PA6 blends is also enhanced in the presence of ammonium ionic liquids and depend on the amount of ILs introduced. Finally, to evaluate the synergistic effect induced by the simultanouous presence of surfactants and nanoclay inclusions on the blends properties, organo-modified Montmorillonite (Cloisite 15A and 30B) containing the same ammonium ionic liquids were introduced at different mass fraction. It seems once more that the best morphological and ultimate properties are obtained in the presence of hydrophobic organoclay. It tends to evidence that the surfactant controls most of the blends final properties.