In this work, the production of composites structures was studied using polymeric films and polymeric nanocomposites nanofibers that, were able to mimic the properties of natural bone tissue extracellular membrane. A scaffold for the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, consisting of a biomaterial that once implanted could help the bone regeneration. For the nanocomposites production, the biopolymer and nanofiller used were poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and the hydroxyapatite (nHA). Using the electrospinning technique, nanocomposite nanofibers were electrospun and overlaid on the surfaces of polymeric films produced by spin-coating, both with nHA. The morphological and mechanical properties were evaluated by scanning and transmission electrical microscopy (SEM and TEM) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The cellular differentiation (ELISA test) and the biocompatibility (“in vivo”) were also studied. It was observed that the composite structures with nHA were similar to the natural extracellular membrane allowing the stem cells to grow and differentiate in bone tissue cells. The "in vivo" biocompatibility assay of the PBAT-nHA triggered a normal inflammatory response in the beginning (2 days) and after 60 days no significant inflammation was observed.