The flame retardant potential of layered minerals like layered double hydroxides (LDH) and layered silicates (e.g. Montmorillonite-MMT) for polymers is well known for a long time. Nevertheless, the breakthrough in use of such materials is not reached. In case of the classical way of the polymer nanocomposite compounding, one of the main drawback is the need of a large amount of modifying additives. To reduce the modifier input the nanofillers will be used as adjuvant in flame retardant systems. It will be demonstrated, that small amounts of nanoplatelets can act as very effective flame retardant synergists. This effect will be shown for classical polyolefins, for EPDM and for PLA. The mechanism of this effect will be discussed. The influence of the flame retardant additives on the mechanical properties will be shown.