Deformation during polymer manufacturing processes induces molecular orientation that affects thermo-physical properties such as thermal conductivity and heat capacity. These properties are key in the optimization of fabrication processes and influence the performance of polymeric materials during use. For a number of years now, we have been probing the validity of a linear relationship between thermal conductivity and stress tensors using two complementary experimental methods. The first method, Forced Rayleigh Scattering (FRS), allows directional measurement of thermal diffusivity in samples subjected to deformation. The second method, Infrared Thermography (IRT), allows characterization of the deviations from the un-deformed value of different components of the thermal conductivity tensor of uniaxial stretched samples. Surprisingly, we find: 1) universality of a linear relationship between anisotropy in thermal conductivity and stress, known as the stress-thermal rule, and 2) that, in contrast to the analogous stress-optic rule, the validity of this rule extends beyond finite extensibility. Recently, we have developed a transient Infrared Thermography method to investigate the dependence of heat capacity on deformation. We find that the heat capacity increases with stretching in lightly cross-linked natural rubber. The deviation from the equilibrium heat capacity is further supported by a comparison of the thermal diffusivity (FRS) and the thermal conductivity (IRT) measurements. Using a simple thermodynamic analysis based on classical rubber elasticity, we discuss the implications of our findings for the assumption of purely entropic elasticity and the presence of an energetic contribution to the stress in deformed polymers.