pps proceeding - Abstract Preview
pps proceeding
Symposium: S01 - Advanced Processing and additive Manufacturing
Oral Presentation
 
 

3D printable bio-based nanocomposites filaments containing nanocellulose derived from forestry waste residues: Production and analysis

Agbakoba Victor Chike (1)*, Muniyasamy Sudhakar (2), Hlangothi Percy C (3), Ofosu Osei (4), Mokhena Teboho C (1), John Maya Jacob (5)

(1) Nelson Mandela University and Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Eastern Cape - SouthAfrica, (2) CSIR Material Science and Manufacturing, Polymers and Composites Competence Area - Gauteng - SouthAfrica, (3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela University - Eastern Cape - SouthAfrica, (4) CSIR Material Science and Manufacturing, Polymers and Composites Competence Area - Pretoria - SouthAfrica, (5) Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials Chemicals Cluster CSIR Pretoria - Pretoria - SouthAfrica

At present, the most widely used 3D-printing technique is the fused deposition modelling (FDM). This technique mostly utilizes thermoplastic based filament as printing material. Most 3D-printable filaments have diameters ranging from 1.75 – 3 mm. Currently, both petroleum and bio-based thermoplastic filaments are available. Currently, filaments of Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) are the most widely used bioplastic in the FDM technique. Nonetheless, the hard and brittle nature of PLA greatly limits its applicability. However, these issues can be circumvented via the incorporation of plasticizers and reinforcing fillers into PLA to make bionanocomposites. For instance, PLA bionanocomposites containing nanocellulose reinforcing fillers such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) have been shown to possess superior properties. The superior mechanical property and low environmental impact of PLA bionanocomposites filaments presents a huge potential. Therefore, this study is aimed to demonstrates the applicability of PLA/nanocellulose bionanocomposites in the production of filament suitable for 3D printing. The CNF used in this study was extracted from waste saw dust via chemical and mechanical means. An optimized volume of glycerol tricacetate was also added to improve the brittle nature of the bionanocomposite filaments. Afterwards, Bionanocomposite filament of PLA and CNF were prepared by extrusion process. The monofilament spools was loaded onto a desktop 3D printer (WANHAO Duplicator i3) and specimens were printed Finally, the tensile properties of the PLA bionanocomposite filaments were analysed and compared. Other analysis conducted includes thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy.