Abstract Green chemistry based eco-friendly, eco-efficient, available and sustainability nano-materials and their composites are presently the main drive for the development of the next generation of materials, products, and processes. This presentation explores some of the studies on nanocellulose (NC) based transdermal drug delivery system as a novel drug delivery system and also NC based ophthalmic drug delivery systems having highly sustained bio-availability of ophthalmic drugs in our laboratory. The skin can be readily used as an accessible surface for transdermal drug delivery. An average adult body covers ~ 2m2 and benefits from 1/3 of the blood circulating throughout the body. The synthesis of nanocellulose based drug release materials using diverse routes has being a point of attraction for researchers with the aim of applying these materials in biopharmaceuticals. The skin has attracted considerable interest as a novel site for drug application for local and systemic effect. For the last 2 decades, challenges in drug delivery have been partially met through modification of the transdermal and ophthalmic formulations using viscosity enhancing polymers or hydrogels or nano-fillers aimed at increasing the drug’s retention time, along with the least side effects. However, nanocellulose has proven beyond doubt as a novel nanomaterial that enhances the overall performance of its biopolymer nanocomposites especially the sustained delivery of drugs and other particles. Though, there are some challenges that need to be addressed such as the application from the research bench top using animals into patients’ specific applications, product quality consistency, structural control, and cost-effectiveness. References Chattopadhyay et al. Carbohydrate Polymers, 188, (2018) 168–180; Chattopadhyay et al. Inter. J. Bio. Macro. 124 (2019) 235–245; Chattopadhyay et al. Inter. J. Bio. Macro.140, 1, 2019, 441-453; Chattopadhyay et al. J. Nanotec. Res. 2019; 1 (2): 075-087.