pps proceeding - Abstract Preview
pps proceeding
Symposium: S13 - Fibers and Textiles
Poster Presentation
 
 

Process Development of Inherently Omniphobic Fibers for Protective Fabrics

Hoffman Nicole (1)*, Zukas Walter (1), Truong Quoc (1)

(1) U.S. Army Natick - Massachusetts - USA

Liquid repellency is sought for military fabrics in order to keep the Warfighter dry and prevent chemical threats from penetrating. This repellency needs to be achieved for garments without significant interference to the evaporative process that keeps the Warfighter cool. Liquid repellency is currently achieved through the use of perfluorinated-based fabric treatments which provide a conformal coating on the fibers. However, many perfluorinated compounds are under regulatory scrutiny for their persistence in the environment and the health concerns they present. This presentation addresses the development efforts, led by the Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center (NSRDEC), to produce inherently omniphobic fabric surfaces with a reentrant fiber geometry. Bicomponent fiber melt spinning was utilized to produce filaments with a generally circular core which consisted of typical polymers used for fibers and a second, easily dissolved polymer placed at the perimeter of the core. When the second polymer is removed, multiple trapezoidal cross-section channels are then left on the perimeter of the core. This trapezoidal shape has been shown to lead to liquid repellency on flat surfaces for particular feature sizes and dimensions. The goal of this work was to control this feature shape and dimensions on continuous fibers through the bicomponent fiber melt spinning process parameters and determine the water and oil repellency of fabrics made from these fibers. Nylon or polypropylene core polymers were combined with a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol perimeter polymer in these studies. Bicomponent fiber processing conditions, fiber designs, fabric production, and test methods will be discussed. Results will be compared to conventional fabrics that were treated with the perfluorinated chemistries.