This work involved the preparation of composite fibers from a mixture solution of 8% (w/v) of polyarylonitrile (PAN) containing silver (Ag) particles via a redox reaction and activated carbon (AC) using dimethyl formamide (DMF) as a solvent. The AC content was varied at different concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% (w/v). The electrospun composite fibers (ECFs) were prepared by using the electrospinning technique for methylene blue (MB) adsorption and antibacterial characterizations. The surface morphology and content of Ag particles of ECFs were determined by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF) methods, respectively. Moreover, the viscosity and conductivity of spinning solutions were investigated as well. The viscosity of spinning solution increased as the content of AC increased and then suddenly decreased at 5% (w/v) of AC loading as a result of poor AC dispersion in the polymer matrix. The conductivity of spinning solutions decreased from 540 to 139 µS cm-1 when the amount of AC increased from 0 to 5% (w/v) due to the reduction of Ag proportions from 10 to 4 wt%, corresponding to XRF results. ECFs had fiber diameters in the range of 200-250 nm and the size of fibers decreased with increasing of bead fibers as the dosage of AC increased. The ECFs containing 5% (w/v) of AC gave the maximum MB adsorption at MB concentration of 10 ppm, fiber content of 0.1 g, and adsorption time of 9 h. The MB adsorption isotherm was Langmuir isotherm and the kinetic data fitted well with the pseudo second order. Furthermore, the ECFs could be feasibly separated from dye solution and showed high recyclable removal efficiency. The ECFs containing 5% (w/v) of AC also exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). However, they did not possess antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) at all. This work opens up the possibility of using ECFs containing Ag and AC particles as bifunctional materials for environmental remediation applications.