pps proceeding - Abstract Preview
pps proceeding
Symposium: S08 - Nanocarbon Based Composites, with CNPComp2017
Oral Presentation
 
 

Antistatic and Flame Retardant Rotomouldable Polymer Graphite Nanocomposites

Mhike Washington (1)*

(1) University of Pretoria - Gauteng - SouthAfrica

Two commercial expandable graphites were evaluated as precursors for the synthesis of graphite nanoplatelets. Microwave radiation treatment was shown to be more efficient in exfoliating expandable graphite than furnace heating. The expandable graphite with better exfoliating characteristics was selected. XRD results of this graphite showed that it was a high stage graphite intercalation compound. Graphite nanoplatelets with an average particle size of 13 μm and an estimated thickness of about 76 nm were prepared by microwave exfoliation and ultrasonication-assisted liquid phase exfoliation in isopropanol from the selected expandable graphite. Prior to the selection of isopropanol as the ultrasonication media, various exfoliation media that encompassed different solvents and water with various surfactants had been evaluated, on the basis of their acoustic cavitation characteristics. The graphite nanoplatelets were used as a functional additive to fabricate linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) based nanocomposites using the rotational moulding (rotomoulding) process. The dry blending approach yielded surface resistivities within the static dissipation range (antistatic) at filler loadings as low as 0.25 wt.% (0.1 vol.%). However, even at this low graphite content, impact properties were significantly reduced compared to the neat polymers. Bilayer mouldings via the double dumping method proved to be a feasible approach to achieve both acceptable mechanical properties and antistatic properties. This was achieved by rotomoulding nanocomposites with a 1 mm outer layer containing the filler and a 2 mm inner layer of neat LLDPE. Excellent fire resistance, in terms of cone calorimeter testing, was achieved when the outer layer also contained 10 wt.% expandable graphite.