pps proceeding - Abstract Preview
pps proceeding
Symposium: S05 - Fibers, Films and Foams
Poster Presentation
 
 

Precursor fibers from Lignin-Polyacrylonitrile blends regenerated from chloride based ionic liquid solutions

Al Aiti Muhannad (1)*, Wulff Lucas (1), Brünig Harald (1), Wagenknecht Udo (1), Heinrich Gert (1)

(1) Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden - Sachsen - Germany

Precursor fibers derived from pure BioChoice® softwood and Organosolv Alcell® hardwood Lignin / textile graded Homo- and Co-Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) blends were spun utilizing chloride based ionic liquids (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (>99%)) as solvent by dry jet wet spinning. Spinning dopes with different polyacrylonitrile concentrations and Lignin concentrations have been developed at low temperature, 85 °C. Shear rheological measurements were performed with rotational rheometer under different conditions, including different processing temperatures in the range between 65 °C and 105 °C, and different concentrations of lignin and PAN. Utilizing the oscillation measurements, Carreau-Yasuda model has been used for describing the pseudo-plastic flow behavior of those blends. Zero shear viscosity, infinite viscosity and consistency and the flow behavior power number have been calculated for the spinning dopes. Higher lignin share shows characteristic frequency and temperature dependency of the complex viscosity. Increased Organosolv lignin content lowers the complex viscosity at lower frequencies. At critical frequencies, the complex viscosity has been found to be equivalent for all lignin shares. At higher frequencies and higher lignin shares the complex viscosity shows higher values. The plasticizing effect caused by lignin suggests the in-situ fractionation of lignin by the ionic liquids at the blending stage. The activation energy of the dopes has been calculated using the Arrhenius plots. Time sweep measurements showed that the dopes were found in rheological terms to be thermally stable at 85 °C and up to 104 seconds. After 10^4 the stogare modulus increases which indicate the crosslinking of the structure. Comparative TGA-FTIR analysis of the pure polymer components and the blends after the regeneration from the ionic liquids showed a significant increase of the carbon yield at 800 °C of around 10%. Different spinneret diameters with constant characteristic L/D ratio of 2 have been used for the developing of the fibers. It has been found that the higher the lignin share is, the lower are the mechanical properties of the fibers.