Nanomaterials used as flame-retardant synergists to conventional flame retardants have been regarded as an efficient way to improve the flame-retardant effectiveness. In fact, such synergistic effects work to a lot of polymer systems.[1] Usually, in these flame-retardant polymer systems, nanomaterials need only a low loading, while it can greatly improve the flame retardant properties of polymers via combining conventional flame retardants. Recently, some novel functional nanomaterials emerged and were used in some polymer as independently flame retardant, finding that it is possible to achieve excellent flame retardancy by using only functional nanomaterials. In the group of the author, plenty of investigation on the functional nanomaterials have been carried out in last 3 years that have the potentials to be as independent flame retardants in some polymer system.[2-6] Functionalization and characterization of novel nanomaterials (layered double hydroxide, nanosilica and mesoporous materials), comprehensive assessment on the properties of polymer nanocomposites are presented. Recently, series functional nanomaterials have been developed and used as efficient flame retardant for polymers, such as PVC, Epoxy, etc. The recent advances in nano flame retardants will be discussed in this presentation. Nano layered double hydroxide, nano silica and porous materials are investigated in different polymers. The functionalization of nanomaterials, impact on the properties of polymers, fire behaviours, and possible flame-retardant mechanism will be discussed in details. i) Functionalized hierarchically porous silica The synthesis of hierarchical porous silica adopted a promoted template method. The grafting of tin on hierarchical porous silica utilized in-situ synthesis manner. After adding TEOS 5 min, a certain amount of tin (IV) chloride was added into the solution drop wise. Scheme 1 presents the schematic program of the proposed synthesis procedure of TOS. ii) Functionalized layered double hydroxides (LDH) Following one-step method [7], functionalized LDH was synthesized and presented in Scheme.2. In this novel LDH, several functional modifiers have been developed and used to fabricate specialized LDH. The structure and morphology f novel LDH are characterized by XRD, EA and SEM. The developed functionalized LDHs offered excellent flame retardancy to epoxy, showing that with only 7 wt% of fCD-DBS-Ph-LDH, the resultant epoxy nanocomposites passed UL-94 V0 rating and significant reduction in the pHRR (-72 %) was achieved in the cone calorimeter test compared to the pure epoxy. Importantly, fCD-SDBS-Ph-LDH/EP nanocomposite exhibited excellent anti-UV properties in terms of high preservation on impact, flexural and micro-mechanical properties after 100, 200, 300 400h UV irradiation, respectively, owing to the presence of chalcone specie that served as UV absorber.