Polymer nanocomposites are a new class of innovative materials in which well-dispersed fillers, having at least one dimension in the nanometric range, are incorporated into organic polymer matrix. Because of their nanometer-size dispersion, polymer nanocomposites exhibit improved mechanical, thermal and chemical properties in comparison with the pristine polymer or conventional composites. Layered inorganic nanostructures, which are fillers very used in polymer nanocomposite researches, can be intercalated or exfoliated into polymer matrix. Because of the larger surface area and high aspect ratio of the nanoclay layers, the exfoliated structures generally provide the best performances. In this study new Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposites able to provide an antimicrobial activity and barrier effect for food packaging application will be developed and their safety profile will be evaluated according to current EU regulation and EFSA recommendation.