Polyurethanes (PUs) foams are an important class of polymers that have wide application industrial sectors. PU nanocomposites are a new class of innovative materials in which one dimension in the nanometric range, are incorporated into organic polymer matrix. dispersion, polymer nanocomposites exhibit improved mechanical, thermal and chemical with pristine polymer or conventional composites. Layered inorganic nanostructures, nanocomposite researches, can be intercalated or exfoliated into polymer matrix. aspect ratio of the nanoclay layers, the exfoliated structures generally provide the best organically modified layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and α-zirconium phosphate (ZrP) improvement in insulation properties, mechanical properties and inhibiting microbial antimicrobial agents (with drug delivery effect) have been produced.